The economics concepts of income effect and substitution effect express changes in the market and how these changes impact consumption patterns for consumer goods and services. The income effect expresses the impact of increased purchasing power on consumption, while the substitution effect describes how consumption is impacted by changing relative prices. Different goods and services experience these changes in different ways. Some products, called inferior goods, generally decrease in consumption whenever incomes increase. Consumer spending and consumption of normal goods typically increases with higher purchasing power, in contrast with inferior goods.
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Well people apply for loans when they need money for a certain goal. Like in the movie fantastic beasts and where to find them in the first part they are at a bank. The guy in their tries to get a loan so he can start a company as an entrepreneur. He wants to be able to own his own bakery so he could make cookies cakes and several other designs. Another reason people get loans is when their business is failing. Like the macys owner in the Florida Oviedo town mall took a few loans to help start up the company and pay to own the store their. But it recently closed. Those are two examples of when people took a loan to either start or continue a buisness when money was short.
Answer:
Retained earnings-Closing = $19,900
Explanation:
Given that,
Revenues = $22,400
Operating Expenses = $15,000
Dividends = $4,500
Retained Earnings(opening) = $17,000
Net Income = Revenues - Operating expenses
= $ 22,400 - $15,000
= $7,400
Statement of Retained Earnings:
Retained earnings-Closing:
= Retained earnings -opening + Net Income - Dividends
= $17,000 + $7,400 - $4,500
= $19,900
Answer: Production Method
Explanation: Gross domestic product, also known as GDP, calculates the total value of products and sevices that are produced in an economy. This in turn measures the total income of a country.
The method that applies in this scenario is the production method. This method focuses on goods, by looking at its final value after deducting the input costs, also known as intermediate goods. Input costs (or intermediate goods) are the cost of materials that were used to make the final product, i.e. the production costs. Once the input costs are deducted from the total value of the goods , what remains becomes the actual income of the goods, the final cost, which is then added to GDP.
