Mutation are two types somatic and germ cell mutation...as there is mutation in germ cell it will alter the normal behavior and produce variation !
random fertilization also causes variation as different setup of genes meets with another different...so chances of variation increases !
and third crossing over is in meiosis when chiasmata forms....so in this two homologous chromosome attach to each other and on separation ... some part exchange so leads to variation !
Answer:
1000 times.
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, since the pH is defined by:
![pH=-log([H^+])](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%3D-log%28%5BH%5E%2B%5D%29)
If we want to compute the concentration of hydrogen we must write:
![[H^+]=10^{-pH}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH%5E%2B%5D%3D10%5E%7B-pH%7D)
Thus, for both the backyard soils we compute:
![[H^+]_{pH=7}=10^{-7}=1x10^{-7}M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH%5E%2B%5D_%7BpH%3D7%7D%3D10%5E%7B-7%7D%3D1x10%5E%7B-7%7DM)
![[H^+]_{pH=4}=10^{-4}=1x10^{-4}M](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BH%5E%2B%5D_%7BpH%3D4%7D%3D10%5E%7B-4%7D%3D1x10%5E%7B-4%7DM)
It means that:
![\frac{[H^+]_{pH=4}}{[H^+]_{pH=7}} =\frac{1x10^{-4}M}{1x10^{-7}M}\\ \\\frac{[H^+]_{pH=4}}{[H^+]_{pH=7}}=1000](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B%5BH%5E%2B%5D_%7BpH%3D4%7D%7D%7B%5BH%5E%2B%5D_%7BpH%3D7%7D%7D%20%3D%5Cfrac%7B1x10%5E%7B-4%7DM%7D%7B1x10%5E%7B-7%7DM%7D%5C%5C%20%5C%5C%5Cfrac%7B%5BH%5E%2B%5D_%7BpH%3D4%7D%7D%7B%5BH%5E%2B%5D_%7BpH%3D7%7D%7D%3D1000)
It means that the concentration of hydrogen at a pH of 4 is 1000 times greater than the concentration of hydrogen at a pH of 7.
Regards.
When the coaster ascends one of the smaller hills that follows the initial lift hill, its kinetic energy changes back to potential energy. In this way, the course of the track is constantly converting energy from kinetic to potential and back again.
Answer:
combines genes from organisms of different species in a lab
Explanation:
Recombinant DNA technology involves the process of joining the genes (DNA) of different multiple species in order to insert into another organism (host). Recombinant DNA technology has many applications in genetic engineering.
One example of Recombinant DNA is the synthesis of Insulin in bacteria cell where a human insulin gene is first inserted into a plasmid vector, then inserted into a bacterial cell that uses its expression abilities to transcribe and translate the gene into INSULIN protein.
This procedure is usually conducted in a laboratory with the use of certain laboratory equipments.
