Answer:
physical description, behavior, insight into the character's thought processes through dialogue or narration, and insight through the opinions of other characters in a story.
Explanation:
If a characters dialogue is timid then you know this character is a shy person, if the character has bright hair and a different style than most you know the character is bold (physical description), if the character often thinks rude things towards other people they are probably mean, and etc
John Smith who created good relations with the Powhatans and taught the people of Jamestown basic living things such as agriculture.
It most likely gives a negative connotation because something being on fire is usually not a good thing. So if your marriage is on fire it is probably not going so well and may need to be put out or in other words Divorce
He is a dead man found under a cottonwood tree.
Calm. That is the word I came up with. It was hard to know what you meant though.