Answer:
Gettysburg was fought in northern territory, in Pennsylvania. Encouraged by some previous victories over Union forces, the Army of North Virginia under the command of Gen. Robert E. Lee had invaded the North and its goal was to pressure the government of Abraham Lincoln to negotiate peace. The Battle of Gettysburg went on for three days (July 1-3, 1863). Despite some advances of the first day, the Confederates weren´t able to overrun Federal positions and suffered a crushing defeat. Gettysburg became the bloodiest battle of the Civil War at the time. 165, 620 men engaged in battle on both sides, total casualties of both sides amount to 51, 112. Lee had to withdraw to southern territory and from that moment on, the Confederacy fought on the defensive, never regaining the strategic initiative. That´s the impact of Gettysburg, a turning point in the war.
Vicksburg was a strategic fortress that granted control of the Mississippi River, being the key to penetrate the South. It was a major point with military significance and a neuralgic place for southern trade and the smuggling of weapons to break the Union´s blockade. Gen. Ulysses Grant, commander of the Union´s Army of the Tennessee, attacked and laid siege to Vicksburg. Grant´s campaign started in April 1863. The siege lasted 47 days. Finally, the Confederate forces of Gen. John C. Pemberton finally surrendered on July 4, 1863. The loss of Vicksburg opened the gates of the South and left it vulnerable to the invasion of the Union armies.
Explanation:
Answer:
The Carolingian Empire weakened after the death of Charlemagne. The empire was divided into three parts, ruled by Charlemagne's grandsons. The middle of the three kingdoms was weak and was absorbed by the eastern and western kingdoms. These two kingdoms would emerge as the modern countries of France and Germany.
The US introduced industrial power and new weapons. To protect their country from being taken over by the US or another foreign power, Japan decided to become a "western" power. The US opening Japan to trade exposed them to the methods of a modern country.
The Ku Klux Klan began in 1866 in Tennessee as an organization of Confederate veterans of the Civil War. They derived the name "Ku Klux" from the Greek word κύκλος (<em>kuklos) ,</em> which means circle. The group became a resistance movement against radical Reconstruction in the South, seeking to intimidate blacks and restore white supremacy. The group carried out many acts of extreme violence, and acts in Congress and a decision by the Supreme Court <em>(United States v. Harris, </em>1882) went against the Klan. By that time, though, the Klan had mostly stopped operating because it had pretty much achieved its goal: white dominance in the South.
A revived version of the Klan appeared again beginning in 1915, expanding its target beyond blacks to Jews and others. At its height in the 1920s, this revived version of the Ku Klux Klan had more than 4 million members. Today it is a fringe group in the US, with only a few thousand members.
