The correct answer <em>"c. social identification with a group can increase ingroup favoritism."</em>.
In the Jigsaw classroom work, Aronson demonstrated that when a group formed of students from different backgrounds is created and each member shares a specific role, there is a reduction in prejudice and stereotyping. Additionally, subjects tended to improve their relationships within-groups and out-groups.
The cave experiment, two groups of individuals from a similar social background were formed and put into a competition between each other. After the tasks they were assigned, there was a clear increase in prejudice and in-group favoritism from members of both groups.
Both experiments had a different focus on the same issue, which was that social affinity increases behaviors of prejudice and stereotypes in regards to other groups.
