Is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of respect or, as was often the case in historical contexts, of submission or allegiance.
B the answer is B your welcome
In general, no, Mesopotamia did not fall because of attack from other empires, since it was primarily due to the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers drying up that led to a lack of produce, and therefore a fall in the empire itself.
A. Inhabited territories have a permanent population, & uninhabited territories don’t.