Answer:
Starvation
Explanation:
Hormones like Insulin, which are anabolic are low during starvation. While Glucagon and epinephrine are high which promote catabolism.
Hydrogen atoms and one oxegyn atom
C. When Available land is limited.
Answer:
In bryophytes, the sporophyte is minute and dependent on the relatively prominent and nutritionally independent gametophyte for resources. The moss gametophyte looks like a miniature herb, with tiny leaf-like photosynthetic organs. The gametophyte generation begins as a dormant spore, which germinates under appropriate conditions to produce filamentous and branching protonemal tissues. These form multicellular bud-like structures, each of which develops into a leafy shoot. The mature gametophytes produce male and female sexual organs, the antheridia and archegonia, respectively. The gametophyte is often sexually distinct, and plants are either male or female.
Each antheridium has an outer layer that encloses and protects thousands of motile sperm, which swim through available external water layer to the egg. Fertilization at the base of the cylindrical archegonium produces a diploid zygote which develops into an unbranched sporophyte. The sporophyte consists of a thin stalk attached to the gametophyte, and a capsule that encloses the sporophytic meiotic cells.
In recent years, the mosses Physcomitrella patens and Funaria hygrometrica have emerged as attractive model systems for studying gene function in non-vascular plants because of the relative ease of molecular manipulation by homologous recombination. Mutants affecting gametophyte development have been isolated and their analysis should provide insights into the molecular basis of gametophyte development in mosses.
Explanation:
Answer:
Due to small in size.
Explanation:
Some organelles such as nucleus, mitochondria and Golgi bodies can't be seen because they are too small in size and near to the limit of the microscope. Organelles present in plant cell are nucleus, mitochondria and Golgi, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, one big vacuole, cell membrane and cell wall whereas organelles present in animal cell such as nucleus, mitochondria and Golgi bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, several small vacuoles and cell membrane. In animal cell centriole and lysosomes are present and absent in plant cell while in plant cell, cell wall and one large vacuole present in the center of the nucleus and these organelles are absent in animal cell. Plant and animal cells are eukaryotic because they have organelles and surrounded by membrane.
