Researchers cross a corn plant that is pure-breeding for the dominant traits colored aleurone (C1), full kernel (Sh), and waxy e
ndosperm (Wx) to a pure-breeding plant wiht the reccessive trains colorless aleurone (c1), shrunken kernal (sh), and starchy (wx). The resulting F1 plants were crossed to pure-breeding colorless, shrunken, starchy plants. Counting the kernals from about 30 eats of corn yields the following data:
Kernel Phenotype Number
Colored, shrunken, starchy 116
Colored, full, starchy 601
Colored, full, waxy 2538
Colored, shrunken, waxy 4
Colorless, shrunken, starchy 2708
Colorless, full, starchy 2
Colorless, full, waxy 113
Colorless, shrunken, waxy 626
6708
A) Why are these data consistent with genetic linkage among the three genes?
B) Perform a chi-square test to determine if these data show significant deviation from the expected phenotype distribution.
C) What is the order of these genes in corn?
D) calculate the recombination fraction between the gene pairs.
E) what is the interference value for this data set?
Kernel Phenotype Number
Colored, shrunken, starchy 116
Colored, full, starchy 601
Colored, full, waxy 2538
Colored, shrunken, waxy 4
Colorless, shrunken, starchy 2708
Colorless, full, starchy 2
Colorless, full, waxy 113
Colorless, shrunken, waxy 626
6708
A) Why are these data consistent with genetic linkage among the three genes?
B) Perform a chi-square test to determine if these data show significant deviation from the expected phenotype distribution.
C) What is the order of these genes in corn?
D) calculate the recombination fraction between the gene pairs.
E) what is the interference value for this data set?
1 answer:
D) #recombinant=116+601+4+2+113+625=1462
#nonrecombinant=2538+2708=5246
RF=R/(N+R)=1462/6708=0.2
E) I=1-Q
I-interference
Q-coefficient of coincidence
Q=O2Xo/E2xo(2xo-double crossovers)
O2xo=6
P=(distance from C1 to Sh/100)*(distance from Sh to Wx/100)
=(3.38/100)*(18.28/100)=0.006
E2xo=0.006*6708=40.248
Q=6/40.248=0.15
I=1-0.15=0.85
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Secondary consumers are the scorpions, snakes and wolves. The haws represent tertiary consumers and in some instances they may even eat wolves, especially unprotected cubs.
The energy flows through the food web from inorganic components such as the sun, nutrients, water into the producers. Then primary consumers eat the producers and are in turn eaten by the secondary consumers. The tertiary consumers will feed on both primary and secondary consumers.
<u>Notes</u>:
Please find attached all the necessary files with the exception of the desert flowers (due to maximum numbers of attached files restriction). These images are not copywrighted and thus free to use.
I have created the required table as an Excell document in case you need to modify it. I did not add the images for the species in the Excell table.
I have also created a more exensive food web (described in the Answer section) for your desert habitat.
As I had some difficulties in understanding the last part of your question, please let me know in a comment if you require additional modifications. I have saved the foodweb PSD file as well as he Excell file.
