Answer: A fundamental task of proteins is to act as enzymes—catalysts that increase the rate of virtually all the chemical reactions within cells.
Explanation:i had a project on this
Independent of the conditions of the outside of the cell
It should be 3! That is the only logical answer to the question...
There is an electrical gradient and there is a concentration gradient.
1.) Chemical gradient better known as concentration gradient is much more powerful and compelling than the electrical gradient.
2.) Water is a polar molecule, meaning one side it positively charged while the other is negatively charged. This polar charged molecule causes water to have a weaker electrical gradient, thus the water has to move on its concentration gradient.
