Answer:
Molecular genetic approaches to the study of plant metabolism can be traced back to the isolation of the first cDNA encoding a plant enzyme (Bedbrook et al., 1980), the use of the Agrobacterium Ti plasmid to introduce foreign DNA into plant cells (Hernalsteens et al., 1980) and the establishment of routine plant transformation systems (Bevan, 1984; Horsch et al., 1985). It became possible to express foreign genes in plants and potentially to overexpress plant genes using cDNAs linked to strong promoters, with the aim of modifying metabolism. However, the discovery of the antisense phenomenon of plant gene silencing (van der Krol et al., 1988; Smith et al., 1988), and subsequently co‐suppression (Napoli et al., 1990; van der Krol et al., 1990), provided the most powerful and widely‐used methods for investigating the roles of specific enzymes in metabolism and plant growth. The antisense or co‐supression of gene expression, collectively known as post‐transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), has been particularly versatile and powerful in studies of plant metabolism. With such molecular tools in place, plant metabolism became accessible to investigation and manipulation through genetic modification and dramatic progress was made in subsequent years (Stitt and Sonnewald, 1995; Herbers and Sonnewald, 1996), particularly in studies of solanaceous species (Frommer and Sonnewald, 1995).
Answer:
Option B
Explanation:
Both the US industrialist John D. Rockefeller and Andrew Carnegie believed that the law of nature govern even the industrial , business or corporate sector. As in a wild forest, strongest animal survives by feeding the weak animals, like wise the business/industries/corporation of large size survive by feeding or eliminating the smaller ones. They think that this is not at all evil but it is as per the law of nature.
Thus, option B is correct.
Answer:
the bacteria is bad because with that one person it's in difficult time. hem need to take more careful.
The correct answer is "intake and excretion are equal." Normally, there should be equilibrium between the intake of sodium and the excreted sodium. There are regulatory mechanisms in the body that regulate the excretion of sodium in order to match it with the intake. This is to prevent hyponatremia and hypernatremia.
