Halophiles are extremophiles that thrive in environments with very high concentrations of salt. <span>Halophiles prevent this loss of water by increasing the internal osmolarity of the cell by accumulating </span>osmoprotectants<span> or by the selective uptake of potassium ions. Hope this helps.</span> <span />
Archaea that live in extremely salty water are called as halophiles. Normal organisms would shrivel in high salt condition because water would be pulled out of them. Halophiles have developed several mechanism to avoid this problem.
The first route is by increasing their osmolarity. They accumulate organic compounds called as osmoprotectants in the cytoplasm from the environment or by synthesis. As a result osmolarity increases inside the cell and water does not move out of the cell.
Another way is to make potassium ions selectively move inside the cell. The osmolarity is again increased by the influx of ions and hence the organism does not desiccate.
The answer is D. With mechanical advantage, less work is put in for a better result. It can apply force in a shorter distance, but increase distance itself.
