In certain organisms, like humans, there are two morphologically distinct types of gametes: (1) the male gamete (i.e. sperm cell) and (2) the female gamete (i.e. ovum). The male gamete is smaller in size and motile whereas the female gamete is several times bigger and non-motile. The haploid condition of the two gametes is essential so that at fertilization during sexual reproduction the integrity of the chromosomal number is maintained throughout generations.
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Answer:
C. Mendel hypothesized that the traits of pea plant offspring are inherited.
Explanation:
A. After years of research, Mendel identified the genes for flower colors. False. During Mendel's research, genes were not yet discovered.
B. Mendel bred various dog breeds to discover the science of genetics. False. Mendel worked with pea plants, not dogs.
C. Mendel hypothesized that the traits of pea plant offspring are inherited. True. Mendel uncovered the main principles of the inheritance of simple traits.
D. Using Punnett squares, Mendel developed the principles of genetics. False. The Punnett square was invented by Reginald C. Punnett,