Answer:
Cell phones emit radiofrequency energy, a form of non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, which can be absorbed by tissues close to the phone. The amount of radiofrequency energy a person is exposed to depends on the frequency of the signal and the amount of time they spend on the phone. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and the American Cancer Society (ACS) all agree that more research is needed to determine the possible health effects of cell phone use. So far, there is no scientific evidence that proves that cell phone use causes cancer. Some studies have suggested a possible link between cell phone use and cancer, but more research is needed to confirm these results. The ACS does not recommend limiting cell phone use because the risk of cancer is still unknown.
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Explanation:
B) Physiological because C is relating to the inside of the organism, A is relating to the forming part of a building or another item and D is reacting to their physical surroundings, so the only other answer would have to be B because in physiological in animals and humans alike, they change something of their physical self's to attain to the environment around them.
Suppose that the proportion of the white crest alleles (r) is given by w and that of the Red crest allele (R) is given by p. We have that p+w=1. The probability that an individual has 2 r alleles is given by w*w since for each allele position the probability is w. Only these individuals have a White phenotype. Hence, we get that w^2=
; the right hand side is the proportion of white birds in the total population. Doing the calculations, this yields that w=0.37. From this, we calculate that p=0.63. The possible ways we have heterozygous individuals are the combinations Rr and rR. The probability for each of those is p*w. Thus, the total probability is 2pw. This is equal to 0.466=0.47. This is the fraction of the future population that is going to be heterozygous assuming the conditions of the Handy-Weinberg equilibrium like random reproductive matching etc.
Paleontologists can identify organisms that may be ancient relatives of those living today. By looking at fossils they can also suggest how these organisms lived together in an ancient habitat. Few organisms become fossilized because the circumstances that an organism has to be in is very specific.
Half life formula
The number of unstable nuclei remaining after time t can be determined according to this equation:
N(t) = N(0) * 0.5^(t/T)
where:
N(t) is the remaining quantity of a substance after time t has elapsed.
N(0) is the initial quantity of this substance.
T is the half-life.
It is also possible to determine the remaining quantity of a substance using a few other parameters:
N(t) = N(0) * e^(-t/τ)
N(t) = N(0) * e^(-λt)
τ is the mean lifetime - the average amount of time a nucleus remains intact.
λ is the decay constant (rate of decay).
All three of the parameters characterizing a substance's radioactivity are related in the following way:
T = ln(2)/λ = ln(2)*τ
How to calculate the half life
Determine the initial amount of a substance. For example, N(0) = 2.5 kg.
Determine the final amount of a substance - for instance, N(t) = 2.1 kg.
Measure how long it took for that amount of material to decay. In our experiment, we observed that it took 5 minutes.
Input these values into our half life calculator. It will compute a result for you instantaneously - in this case, the half life is equal to 19.88 minutes.
If you are not certain that our calculator returned the correct result, you can always check it using the half life formula.
