Political machine were political groups that emerged in the late 19th Century that usually managed immigrants and set them up, if immigrants would vote for them in return political machines will provide food, housing and jobs for the immigrants. A Political group was commanded by a boss that had enough votes to maintain political and administrative control of a city, county or state.
The political machines were detracting the basic principles of economy and political freedom in the US by people doing voting and party work to get others to vote for them like some kind of slavery, owning people once consent was given by the weak one. From the economical point of view these political machines were trying to concentrate the economy on their side by using their political status to assigned government contracts and jobs to those that did favors to them and this way creating a big spiral of corruption and putting in danger the political an economical policies of US.
the german exspansion was because the german people where angry at the treaty of versilles and the apeasment made Hitler think that no one would say no
The two countries changed from being friendly allies to being fierce rivals because the Soviet Union was trying to spread communism and the US is a capitalist country.
Pakistan has forget it's ideology long back at the time of its birth. it is country full off hate towards India, Hindus, Christian, Buddhist and even it's own different sect of Islam except Sunnis.