Transpulmonary pressure, the difference between intrapulmonary and intrapleural pressures, prevents the lungs from collapsing
From 1830 to 1833 Charles' multi-volume Principles of Geology was published. The work's subtitle was "An attempt to explain the former changes of the Earth's surface by reference to causes now in operation", and this explains Lyell's impact on science. (known for Uniformitarianism) (influenced by Charles Darwin) :)
C) the cell membrane as the cell grows
Answer:
The biologist is analyzing deleterious and beneficial mutations.
Explanation:
In general, mutations are deleterious genetic changes that negatively affect the fitness of the individual in a particular environment. However, there are occasions where a mutation may be beneficial. These mutations are beneficial because they confer an adaptive advantage (for example, by generating new versions of proteins) that enable the individual to adapt to their environment, thereby increasing their chances to survive and reproduce. If a beneficial mutation is new it will be distributed disproportionately among populations, thereby it is possible to determine the novelty by determining the frequency of the mutation among populations. Ideally, this new mutation should have a value of 0 in the non-target populations (i.e., this mutation does not exist in these populations), and a very low value in the target population (i.e., this mutation appeared very recently). Since mutations provide the raw material for natural selection, it is expected that a new mutation increases their frequency in the population, but if this genetic change is deleterious in a particular environment, natural selection will decrease their frequency. Deleterious mutations are accumulated in populations with small sizes faster than it can eliminate them, thereby the identification of these genetic changes can result useful for the design of conservation strategies in endangered species.
That process is known as DIGESTION........
