1. By general practitioner acting as a 'gate keeper' meaning that he refers to specialists only if there are good reasons for doing so
2. By emergency medical dispatchers
3. Drug programs for patients with specific inclusion and exclusion criteria so the right treatment is delivered to a right patient
4. Health programs or screening programs (for cancers) with specific inclusion / exclusion criteria
5. By preferential insurance deals based on the income level (applicable rather to the US setting rather to the EU).
