Answer:
The equivalent present worth of the series is $27,714.
Explanation:
We have a series of five payments (n=5), paid at the end of the year, starting with $6,000 and increasing at a rate of 5% per year.
The inflation rate is 4% and the market interest rate is 11%.
The equivalent present worth of the series, where we take into account yearly increments and discount the value by inflation and interest rate, is:
![PV=\sum_{k=1}^5\frac{C_0(1+h)^{n-1}}{(1+i)^n(1+r)^n} \\\\PV=\frac{C_0}{(1+h)} \sum_{k=1}^5(\frac{(1+h)}{(1+i)(1+r)})^n](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=PV%3D%5Csum_%7Bk%3D1%7D%5E5%5Cfrac%7BC_0%281%2Bh%29%5E%7Bn-1%7D%7D%7B%281%2Bi%29%5En%281%2Br%29%5En%7D%20%5C%5C%5C%5CPV%3D%5Cfrac%7BC_0%7D%7B%281%2Bh%29%7D%20%5Csum_%7Bk%3D1%7D%5E5%28%5Cfrac%7B%281%2Bh%29%7D%7B%281%2Bi%29%281%2Br%29%7D%29%5En)
Where:
h: increment in the payments (5%)
i: rate of inflation (4%)
r: market interest rate (11%)
Then,
![\frac{(1+h)}{(1+i)(1+r)}=\frac{1.05}{1.04*1.11}=\frac{1}{1.10} =0.91 \\\\\\PV=\frac{C_0}{(1+h)} \sum_{k=1}^5(\frac{(1+h)}{(1+i)(1+r)})^n\\\\PV=\frac{6,000}{1.05} \sum_{k=1}^50.91^n\\\\PV=5,714.3*(0.91+0.83+0.75+0.68+0.62)\\\\PV=5,714.3*3.8\\\\PV=21,714.3](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B%281%2Bh%29%7D%7B%281%2Bi%29%281%2Br%29%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B1.05%7D%7B1.04%2A1.11%7D%3D%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B1.10%7D%20%3D0.91%20%5C%5C%5C%5C%5C%5CPV%3D%5Cfrac%7BC_0%7D%7B%281%2Bh%29%7D%20%5Csum_%7Bk%3D1%7D%5E5%28%5Cfrac%7B%281%2Bh%29%7D%7B%281%2Bi%29%281%2Br%29%7D%29%5En%5C%5C%5C%5CPV%3D%5Cfrac%7B6%2C000%7D%7B1.05%7D%20%5Csum_%7Bk%3D1%7D%5E50.91%5En%5C%5C%5C%5CPV%3D5%2C714.3%2A%280.91%2B0.83%2B0.75%2B0.68%2B0.62%29%5C%5C%5C%5CPV%3D5%2C714.3%2A3.8%5C%5C%5C%5CPV%3D21%2C714.3)
You collect information aboutvthe individual your working with
selling goods only at certain predetermined prices that reflect definite price breaks is called Price lining
Price lining, also known as product line pricing, is a marketing tactic where a company charges for its products in accordance with its quality, features, or other characteristics to set them apart from competing ones.
Price line, to put it simply, is the practice of placing comparable products in various price ranges, each of which differs significantly in terms of the characteristics or qualities it offers. These brackets typically have lower starting prices and higher price points.
Despite having "price" in its name, price lining is a marketing tactic. The major goal of this strategy is to increase sales and audience size by making the offering more appealing to a wider range of consumers.
Apple, a company that makes smartphones, is a good illustration of price lining in action. Apple offers its iPhone lineup in a range of price points, with each model differing mainly in the small number of extra features that are added to the more expensive ones. Instead of solely selling expensive iPhones, Apple now offers a variety of models to appeal to customers with varying levels of purchasing power, which helps them grow sales.
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Answer:
Early tasks opposed to later tasks.
Explanation:
Shortening is a strategic procedure used by project managers to reduce or shorten a project's duration by cutting the duration of critical path tasks.
The rationale behind shortening of a project is basically to have a competitive advantage or edge in the market. In order to compete successfully, project managers are always expected to be spontaneous in bringing their company's goods and services to the market in a flash.
There are two important ways of shortening a particular project, these are;
1. Crashing.
2. Task splitting.
In project management, the longest task is considered to be the most effective and efficient candidate activities to shorten a project's duration.
In general, the better candidates for shortening are early tasks opposed to later tasks. The early start of tasks represents one of the primary date used in project scheduling and it's the earliest date a project manager commences an activity, with respect to all its predecessors and successors.
Early tasks usually involves the use of an easy approach to project kickoff while later tasks uses the difficult approach.
The activity in which Roger is engaged in is called program evaluation.
<h3>What is Program Evaluation?</h3>
This refers to the ability to make predictions about the things which are needed for a program to run successfully.
Hence, because Roger is involved in Human Resources planning and he is trying to predict what human resources will be needed in the coming year in his organization, then he is engaged in program evaluation.
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