Answer / Explanation:
If given a couple of data and asked to analyse it, there is bound to be some level of variation. Irrespective of how much e try to avoid it, we will find it difficult to achieve identical results for two different scenarios.
Variation can therefore be defined as the quantitative or numerical approach used to indicate how widely individuals in a group vary.
Factors that contributes to common cause variation includes:
First, we need to understand that Common Cause Variation are caused by unknown factors that result in a steady but random distribution of output around the average of the data. We need to understand that Common cause variation is the remaining variation after removing the special causes (non-normal causes) due to one or more of the 5Ms and an “E” causes (Manpower, Material, Method, Measurement, Machine, and Environment), also known as 6Ms (Manpower, Mother nature, Materials, Method, Measurements or Machine).
And some special cause of variation in this instance includes:
Phenomena that are active within the system
Variation within a historical experience base which is not regular
Lack of significance in individual high and low values
Human error
Answer:
a. The services of a commercial painter in painting the family home.
No, Not Included , As no monetary/payment transaction is involved for service provided.
b. An auto dealer’s sale of a new car to a non-business customer.
Included , As the sale of car has happened to the final consumer
c. The money received by Smith when she sells her biology textbook to a used-book buyer.
Not included , as nothing new is produced in the economy
d. The publication and sale of a new economics textbook.
Included , As new books are produced in the economy
e. A $2 billion increase in business inventories.
Included, as this new inventory is produced during this year.
f. Government purchases of newly produced aircraft.
Included , As it's production took place this year and government is final consumer.
B) competitive marketing
This is because you have other competitors so now you have to do competitive marketing which involves tactics and strategy.
Answer:
The company's net cash flow is $64.7 million
Explanation:
Brooks Sisters' operating income (EBIT) is $168 million and the company's interest expense is $17 million.
Taxable income = $168 - $17 = $151 million
The company's tax rate is 40.0%, and its operating cash flow is $142.1 million:
Tax = $151 x 40% = $60.4 million
The company's net cash flow = Operating cash flow - The company's tax - the company's interest expense = $142.1 - $60.4 - $17 = $64.7 million
Answer:
Dividend in arrears $ 1,000,000
Total Dividend $ 2,000,000
Explanation:
The dividend at 5% of $100 par value is $5 per unit of shares. Recall, each unit of the preference shares has a par value of $100
Dividend calculation = $5 multiplied by the total unit of shares
previous year shares dividend is 5 x 200, 000 unit of shares = $ 1,000,000
This year total dividend payout will be current year of $1,000,000 plus previous year of $1,000,000 = $2,000,000
