In a democracy, citizens are the ones that vote for who is going to be president or what kind of laws are being enforced. They also get to make sure that all the politicians are doing things correctly.
If you're talking about the time when the North was more urbanized than the South, some factors are industrialization (more jobs) and less hostility faced in the North.
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Hernando de Soto was a Spanish explorer and conquistador who participated in the conquests of Central America and Peru and discovered the Mississippi River.
I can't answer your second question since I know nothing about it, my apologies, but I hope that this will help answer about Hernando de Soto.
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Capitalism and the free market
Explanation: