Otto von Bismarck went into alliance with countries surrounding France. He used political diplomacy to make Russia, Italy and Britain stay out of the war. He actually used deception to win allies which was used against France.
Bismarck ruled Prussian and whole Germany and was able to unify Germany. He was the first Chancellor of Germany.
The Soviet's didn't surrender to America. They called for peace after the US started shifting its relations to China. USSR felt threatened and eventually they both agreed to cut on weapons.
