Hey there! Gametes are: reproductive cells
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Answer:
1. CGAGGTT → CGTT (Deletion)
2. ATTCGG → ATTCGGATTCGG (Duplication)
3. CTTAAT → TAATTC (Inversion)
4. CTTAAT → CTTAACGCT (Insertion)
5. CGAT → CTAT (Substitution)
6. CCGGTT + TTAGGC = CCGTTA + GTTGGC (Translocation)
Explanation:
1. CGAGGTT → CGTT (Deletion) ---- This is called deletion because it involves the removal of 3 base pairs (AGG) from the DNA sequence.
2. ATTCGG → ATTCGGATTCGG (Duplication) ---- In this case, the particular sequence (ATTCGG) is copied again or duplicated.
3. CTTAAT → TAATTC (Inversion)----- This is called inversion mutation because the DNA sequence breaks off and is reattached but this time in a reverse order i.e. CTT becomes TTC, placing the last base first and the first base last.
4. CTTAAT → CTTAACGCT (Insertion) ------ This is called insertion mutation because it involves the addition of extra base pairs (CGC) into the sequence. The Insertion occurs between the last A and T nucleotide.
5. CGAT → CTAT (Substitution) ----- This is called substitution because Guanine base is replaced by Thymine in the DNA sequence. It is specifically called a transversion substitution because a purine (Guanine) is replaced by a pyrimidine (Thymine). It is called a point mutation because it involves a single base.
6. CCGGTT + TTAGGC = CCGTTA + GTTGGC (Translocation) ----- in this case, CCGGTT and TTAGGC are sequences on different chromosomes. Portions of sequence on the first chromosome (GTT) and second chromosome (TTA) breaks off and gets reattached/exchanged in each other i.e. the first chromosome gets TTA while the second gets GTT. This kind of mutation is called translocation.
Haploid is the term used when a cell has half the usual number of chromosomes. A normal eukaryote organism<span> is composed of </span>diploid cells<span>, one set of chromosomes from each parent. However, after meiosis, the number of chromosomes in </span>gametes<span>is halved.</span>
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