The correct answers is option III. "ATP has more electrostatic repulsion than ADP".
Explanation:
ATP hydrolysis is an essential reaction in catabolic pathways, serving as the way the high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds are broken and the energy stored is free to be use in performing reactions that need energy. ATP hydrolysis is relatively simple because ATP has more electrostatic repulsion than ADP, which means that is easier that ATP loses one phosphate to be converted into ADP than ADP losing one phosphate and get converted into AMP.
ATP comprises of an adenine ring, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups. ATP is used in the transfer of energy in cells. The hydrolysis of ATP is an exergonic reaction. In neutral solution, ATP has negatively charged groups which allows it to interact with metals. During hydrolysis, the unstable molecule of ATP is hydrolyze to ADP and inorganic phosphate. ATP has four negative charges which repel each other on close proximity. This makes ATP an unstable molecule because it gives away its phosphate group in order to become stable. The repulsion between the negative charges are reduced when ATP is stabilize.
Therefore, ATP has a higher electrostatic repulsion than ADP.
