Answer:
d) A constitutively active mutant form of PKA in skeletal muscle cells would lead to an excess in the amount of glycogen available.
Explanation:
This occurs in the process of Glycogenolysis. The process involves breaking down of glycogen to glucose -1- phosphate and glycogen which helps in the release of glucose into the blood stream to prevent hypoglycemia(low blood sugar). The glucose-1-phosphate is later converted to glucose -6-phosphate. The latter enters the glycolytic pathway in which the reaction is catalysed by the enzyme phosphoglucomutase.
This homeostatic glucose regulation is regulated by the protein kinase(PKA)/ cAMP pathway in the skeletal muscles, the liver and the pancreas.
Answer:
<em>The correct options are:</em>
<em>Prior to process 1, DNA should copy itself to allow the cell to divide.</em>
<em>Between processes 1 and 2, the mRNA must be modified before leaving the nucleus.</em>
Explanation:
For eukaryotes, the mRNA is made in the nucleus from the DNA. This process in known as transcription. The process of making proteins from the mRNA takes place in the ribososmes of the cytoplasm. This process is known as translation. The mRNA has to be modified before it is transported for translation. Otherwise, the mRNA will be degraded by the enzymes of the nucleus.
Answer:
Calcitonin stimulates the kidneys to absorb calcium when calcium levels are too low, while parathyroid hormone stimulates the kidneys to excrete calcium when calcium levels are too high.
Explanation:
