It is called a reference.
Example:
When applying for a work, the employer will look at your reference to see if you are qualified for the job or not.
Another definition for reference is that it is a use of a source of information in order to ascertain something
False
In the same way someone would control all the colors in a monopoly game, a government monopoly would when the government owns all the outlets to a particular good, service, etc. (and in result have no competitors)