Answer:
By performing a test cross i.e. a cross with a recessive trait
Explanation:
According to the question, hairlessness is a recessive trait, meaning that it will only be expressed in a homozygous condition i.e. when there are two recessive alleles in the genotype. Presence of hair is dominant, meaning that it will mask the phenotypic expression of hairlessness allele in a heterozygous state. Hence, a dominant phenotype can either be homozygous (same dominant allele) or heterozygous (combination of dominant and recessive alleles).
In order to determine which of these genotypes the dominant phenotype possess, we perform a test cross. A test cross is a cross performed to determine the genotype of the dominant organism by crossing it with a homozygous recessive genotype.
Ideally, the offsprings resulting from the cross will all be phenotypically dominant if the organism in question is homozygous dominant but if the organism is heterozygous dominant, the offsprings will occur in an equal ratio of dominant to recessive phenotypes.
So in this case, all of offsprings of this cross between the rat terriers will possess hair if the dominant rat terrier dog is homozygous, but if the dominant rat terrier dog is heterozygous, an hairless offspring will be produced.
Answer:
Explanation:
(A) PaO₂ below normal: PaO₂ is used to describe the partial pressure of oxygen dissolved in the blood. When it is below normal, it indicates the individual isn't getting enough oxygen hence there is low pressure of dissolved oxygen in the blood. This sign/symptom falls under the Respiratory/oxygenation data cluster.
(B) Dyspnea on exertion: Dyspnea is a term used to describe shortness of breath while dyspnea on exertion is when an individual runs out of breath as a result of not been able to breath deeply/properly during or after an exercise. This sign/symptom also falls under the Respiration/oxygenation data cluster.
(C) Productive cough: This is a type of cough that produces/forces mucus out of the airway (thereby clearing the airway). This sign/symptom from this description is also Respiratory/oxygenation data cluster.
(D) Oxygenation saturation 92%: Oxygen saturation is when the body can supply enough oxygen to the cells and tissues within it's system. This sign/symptom is also a Respiratory/oxygenation data cluster.
(E) Feels "too tired to do much": This can also be referred to as fatigue. This is usually as a result of inadequate energy produced (usually from glycolysis) in the body. This sign/symptom, from this description, is a Reduced energy level data cluster.
(F) Requires frequent rest periods: This usually occurs as a result of imbalance in the body's metabolism. Here, the body uses more energy than it produces; more anabolic processes (energy requiring) than catabolic processes (energy produced/released). This sign/symptom, from this description, is a Reduced energy level data cluster.
Answer: Chlorophyll is a substance inside the chloroplasts which is used to absorb light from the sun in order to provide the plant with energy to photosynthesise
Explanation:
Answer:
b) electron transport chain
Explanation:
During sprinting, muscles need a constant supply of ATPs (the energy currency of cells) to support the continuous movement. The electron transport chain is present in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Oxidation of NADH and FADH2 through electron transport chain produces proton gradient across the membrane which in turn drives the synthesis of a large number of ATPs to support sprinting.
Muscle, hair color, height are the 3 most common physical traits affected by the environment.