Answer:
Explanation:
Mitochondria is a double membrane bound organelle that is located in most eukaryotic organisms and it has a number of different shapes.
A mitochondrion has a outer and inner membranes made up of phospholipid bilayers and proteins which have different properties. Because of the double membraned organization, mitochondria have five distinct parts:
Outer mitochondrial membrane
Intermembrane space which is the space between the outer and inner membranes
Inner mitochondrial membrane,
the cristae space which is formed by the folding in of the inner membrane and
matrix which is the space within the inner membrane.
Mitochondria has a complex structure that allows for all the activities carried out by it this includes,Energy conversion, Pyruvate and the citric acid cycle, NADH and FADH2 which are the electron transport chain, Heat production and Storage of calcium.
Implications of natural selection in shaping 99.4% nonsynonymous DNA identity between humans and chimpanzees: enlarging genus Homo. we compare approximately 90 kb of coding DNA nucleotide sequence from 97 human genes to their sequenced chimpanzee counterparts and to available sequenced gorilla, orangutan, and Old World monkey counterparts, and, on a more limited basis, to mouse. The nonsynonymous changes (functionally important), like synonymous changes (functionally much less important), show chimpanzees and humans to be most closely related, sharing 99.4% identity at nonsynonymous sites and 98.4% at synonymous sites. On a time scale, the coding DNA divergencies separate the human-chimpanzee clade from the gorilla clade at between 6 and 7 million years ago and place the most recent common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees at between 5 and 6 million years ago. The evolutionary rate of coding DNA in the catarrhine clade (Old World monkey and ape, including human) is much slower than in the lineage to mouse. Among the genes examined, 30 show evidence of positive selection during descent of catarrhines. Nonsynonymous substitutions by themselves, in this subset of positively selected genes, group humans and chimpanzees closest to each other and have chimpanzees diverge about as much from the common human-chimpanzee ancestor as humans do. This functional DNA evidence supports two previously offered taxonomic proposals: family Hominidae should include all extant apes; and genus Homo should include three extant species and two subgenera, Homo (Homo) sapiens (humankind), Homo (Pan) troglodytes (common chimpanzee), and Homo (Pan) paniscus (bonobo chimpanzee).
Upwelling brings greater concentrations of dissolved nutrients to the ocean surface
Answer:
Chromosomes start being copied at the center of the cell. They move to the ends as replication
Occurs.
Explanation:
<span>The best response is that it reduces the effects of fragility and skin atrophy.</span>
