Transcription is when DNA segments are copied into RNA.
1. RNA Polymerase bonds to a promoter (Those cool start/stop codons)
2. RNA Polymerase breaks all the hydrogen bonds between the two stands of DNA
3. RNA Polymerase create the pair strand for one of the DNA strands (Uracil instead of Thymine!)
4. Hydrogen bonds break between the DNA strand and RNA strand
5. DNA is zipped back up and RNA either floats around in the Nucleus (if there is one) or exists through a pore
A. The liquid particles move slower
Answer: four criteria to establish a causative relationship between a microbe and a diseases
Explanation:
1- "Bacteria must be present in every case of diseases"
2- "Bacteria must be isolated from the host with the diseases and grown in pure culture"
3- "The specific diseases must be reproduced when a pure culture of bacteria is inoculated into a healthy susceptible host"
4-"Bacteria must be recovered from the experimentally infected host"
Answer:
Defense against a particular antigen is provided by adaptive immunity which is also called specific immunity. In adaptive immunity immunological memory is created which is used by immune cells to destroy that particular pathogen when it again comes in the body.
Adaptive immunity involves T cells and B cells. T cells generate cell mediated immune response and B cells generate a humoral immune response. These responses by T and B cells are specific to a particular pathogen which results in the killing of the pathogen by their phagocytosis enhanced by antibodies or by direct killing of pathogen.
Therefore adaptive immunity provides defense to the body against a particular pathogen by generating immunological memory.
We have to make harm to the earth to make more and better creations and advances to technology. As in the over ue of oil makes better transportation. Or that gas is the soul factor of you getting to school or getting to the store. " well I get my food delivered to me." The vehicle is getting to your house to give you your every day groceries. Also the electric cars people drive is being manufactured by companies that use oil and gas to work their machines.
