Answer:
It has a negative impact on the environment by allowing toxic chemicals to harm wildlife.
Explanation:
Mining refers to the act of extracting minerals and other valuable solids from the earth's crust. The process of mining can have adverse effect on an ecosystem in the sense that wildlife is threatened during the process.
During the mining process, chemicals, which are toxic to living organisms, from the minerals gets washed into the areas surrounding the mining site. Thereby, causing serious harm to the wildlife living in those areas.
Answer:
Mollusks can be segregated into seven classes: Aplacophora, Monoplacophora, Polyplacophora, Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Cephalopoda, and Scaphopoda. These classes are distinguished by, among other criteria, the presence and types of shells they possess.
Answer with Explanation:
Gramicidine is an antibiotic that has a polypeptide structure and is composed of 3 chains. This molecule can adopt a structure called beta 6-3 helix, so as to form a channel through the cell membrane of bacteria which allows the passage of ions (in this case cations) such as H +, K + or Na +, this situation leads to that in the cell alterations in the content of cellular cations are generated, among the effects the loss of potassium that can cause the death of the cell due to hemolysis due to alteration in the permeability of the membrane is highlighted. This effect is known as the ionophore effect.
An ionophore effect leads to the inhibition in the release of H + to the mitochondrial electronic transport chain.
Gramicidin thanks to its mechanism of action, when it produces interference specifically in a cellular organelle called mitochondria in the inner mitochondrial membrane, it is responsible for interrupting the passage of electrons, alters the gradient of H + and the performance of the enzyme called ATP- synthase which is responsible for producing ATP.
The damage that the entire previous situation produces on oxidative phosphorylation, leads to the refusal of ADP refosphorylation, then ADP and its hydrolysis products will accumulate, and finally the result will be a decrease in ATP levels.
Answer:
Explanation:
Hardy Weinberg equation is presented below and describes that in a population the frequency of alleles ad genotypes will remain static or the same in the absence of evolutionary disturbances such as mutation, migration ( gene flow), natural selection and with the population large and random mating
p² +2pq + q²
where p represents the frequency of the dominant alleles
q represent the frequency of the recessive alleles
p² represent the frequency of the dominant homozygous genotype
q² represent the frequency of the recessive homozygous genotype
2pq represent the frequency of the heterozygous genotype
q² also represent the frequency of the recessive phenotype
(p² + 2pq) represent the frequency of the dominant phenotype
