I believe the correct answer from the choices listed above is option A. It is charles darwin who postulated the “nature versus nurture” hypothesis. <span>The phrase </span>nature and nurture<span> relates to the relative importance of an individual's innate qualities</span><span> as compared to an individual's personal experiences </span><span>in </span>causing<span> individual differences, especially in </span>behavioral<span> traits. </span>
Mountain lions/highest trophic levels receives less energy as energy is lost at each level/mountain lions are larger than most animals and require (smaller) individuals for food.
luconeogenesis is a ubiquitous process, present in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms.[2] In vertebrates, gluconeogenesis takes place mainly in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the cortex of the kidneys. In ruminants, this tends to be a continuous process.[3] In many other animals, the process occurs during periods of fasting, starvation, low-carbohydrate diets, or intense exercise. The process is highly endergonic until it is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP or GTP, effectively making the process exergonic. For example, the pathway leading from pyruvate to glucose-6-phosphate requires 4 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of GTP to proceed spontaneously. Gluconeogenesis is often associated with ketosis. Gluconeogenesis is also a target of therapy for type 2 diabetes, such as the antidiabetic drug, metformin, which inhibits glucose formation and stimulates glucose uptake by cells.[4] In ruminants, because dietary carbohydrates tend to be metabolized by rumen organisms, gluconeogenesis occurs regardless of fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, exercise, etc.[5]
Just like humans and other animals, pathogenic bacterias also has the capability to evolve.
These pathogens usually come to life as soon as they enter a host. When you use antibiotics, the majority of them will die, but several of them could survive.
When these survivals replicate, it will creates more bacterias that has higher immune towards antibiotics compared to normal bacteria
Answer:
The eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea that live in and on the human body are called normal microbiota. When they were originally discovered, scientists thought that the relationship between these organisms was parasitic because they thought that the organisms benefit from living on the host but did not help the host. In recent years, researchers have determined that most of our resident microbes derive and give benefit to the host. This makes the relationship between host and microbe one of mutualism. Pathogenic, on the other hand, are microbes that cause diseases.
