The Renaissance was a great cultural movement which brought about a period of scientific revolution and artistic transformation, at the dawn of modern European history. It marks the transitional period between the end of the Middle Ages and the start of the Modern Age.
The predominant view is that the Renaissance of the 15th century in Italy, spreading through the rest of Europe, represented a reconnection of the west with classical antiquity, the absorption of knowledge—particularly mathematics—from Arabic, the return of experimentalism, the focus on the importance of living well in the present (e.g. humanism), an explosion of the dissemination of knowledge brought on by printing and the creation of new techniques in art, poetry and architecture which led to a radical change in the style and substance of the arts and letters. This period, in this view, represents Europe emerging from a long period as a backwater, and the rise of commerce and exploration. The Italian Renaissance is often labelled as the beginning of the "modern" epoch.
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The European intellectual movement called the enlightenment.
The Nazi's killed many Jews, over 6 million of them, during the Holocaust. It made it extremely hard for the Jews to live. They had to either move, or hide, and moving to the United States of America was the best choice for safety.
Workers hoped that labor unions would help them to receive better working conditions, increased wageas, and a reduced workload.
When labor unions started to develop, many workers faced unfair working conditions. This included roughly an 80-100 hour work week, low wages, and not safety standards at their potentially dangerous jobs. Since there was very little government intervention in business during this era, workers hoped that the creation of these labor unions would help to solve some of their work problems. However, in the beginning of this labor movement, unions and business owners/managers often fought. In several different instances, these confrontations turned violent.
