Answer:
The answer is construct validity.
Explanation:
Construct validity is described as the degree in which a study<em> actually</em> measures what it claims to be measuring. A well-designed research will ideally have high construct validy, while a poorly designed one may confound the variables and result in measuring a different aspect.
For example, if a researcher tries to find which of two perfumes is more attractive to customers, <u>but uses different shaped or coloured bottles</u>, it's possible that the test will lack construct validity (the bottles may affect the customers' opinions).
Answer:
True
Explanation:
It is true that shaping is often used in operant conditioning in order to learn complex behaviours. Shaping occurs when, instead of only rewarding the target behaviour, approximations of the behaviour are also rewarded. This is due to the expectation that over time, these behaviours would grow closer to the desired response. Therefore, the behaviour is considered to be gradually changed, or "shaped."
Answer: DIFFUSION.
Explanation: DIFFUSION in anthropology is defined as the spread of cultural or linguistic practices, or social institutions, ideas, styles, religions, technologies, in one or more communities. Diffusion involves the movement and exchange of material goods and cultural pieces.
