The Six Day War was a war that pitted Israel against an Arab coalition formed by the United Arab Republic - official name of Egypt at the time - Jordan, Iraq and Syria between June 5 and 10, 1967 .
After the Egyptian demand to the UN that it withdrew almost immediately its forces of interposition in the Sinai (UNEF), the deployment of Egyptian forces on the Israeli border and the blockade of the Straits of Tiran, Israel, fearing an imminent attack, launched a preventive strike against the Egyptian air force. Jordan responded by attacking the Israeli cities of Jerusalem and Netanya. By the end of the war, Israel had conquered the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, East Jerusalem (including the Old City) and the Golan Heights.
Israel ended the Six Day War having increased its territory considerably, with the incorporation of the Golan Heights, the West Bank (including East Jerusalem), the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula. From the military point of view, after two decades of strategic fragility, Israel obtained for the first time in its history territorial depth, which would grant it defensive capacity to keep Arab artillery away from Israeli cities and henceforth avoid the obligation to carry out preventive attacks before each threat, with the cost that this implies for the purposes of public opinion. The situation therefore turned geostrategic and now it was the Arab capitals (Amman, Damascus and Cairo) that were within reach of any rapid incursion of the IDF. In addition to the territorial expansion and the defensive "cushion", Israel demonstrated on the psychological level to its Arab neighbors its military capacity and willingness to use it.
