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The Tammany Society emerged as the center for Democratic-Republican Party politics in the city in the early 19th century. After 1854, the Society expanded its political control even further by earning the loyalty of the city's rapidly expanding immigrant community, which functioned as its base of political capital.
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the correct answer is specialization.
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Constantinopole was located in a geographic crossroad , its position was strategic and it´s still so for Turkey under its current name, Istambul.
Because of this location , the capital of the Byzantine Empire was able to receive cultural influences from Europe and Asia, from many countries. Though it was a major theological center of Christianity and a heir to Grecorroman culture, its location got it exposed to Islamic, Turkic, Persian, Caucasian, European and Jewish influences. Because it was the last point of the trade routes with Asia and one of the ending posts of the Silk Road, Constantinopole was a cosmopolitan metropolis for a good part of its history.
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