I think the answer is D:all of the above.
OKAY SO, do you have any more info?
This process is known as thermohaline circulation. In the Earth's polar regions ocean water gets very cold, forming sea ice. As a consequence the surrounding seawater gets saltier, because when sea ice forms, the salt is left behind. As the seawater gets saltier, its density increases, and it starts to sink.
1:the malanesian islands ,which include the papua New guinea
Which is closer to australia
