Answer:
Often there will actually be strong personal power and personal possessions disguised by an elite claiming to speak for “everyone”.
Explanation:
The correct answer to this open question is the following.
Since the beginning of the Islamic era in 622, the diffusion of Muslim advancement in science, technology, or mathematics spread basically through trade and conquest. As Muslims conquered territories, they established trade routes and spread the Muslim's teachings to the conquered regions, although they allowed people to have their own belief systems.
So since medial times, Muslims shared their knowledge and inventions in the fields of astronomy, mathematics, algebra, cartography, geography, cosmology, alchemy, astronomy, opthalmology, chemistry, botany, agronomy, medicine, pharmacology, and the development of trade in the harsh conditions of the desert.
Two allied nations enforce economic sanctions on a country until its government changes a key policy.
For 391 years, going from 794 to 1185, the real power in Japan was in the hands of the Fujiwara family (A option), they achieved that by monopolizing regent positions. The seize of power by abdicated emperors at the 11th century followed by the rise of the Samurais led to Fujiwara's gradual decline.
