Merchant families that ruled Italian city-states established: B. their own armies.
In the Renaissance epoch, Italy was formed by many city-states with powerful people as the rulers. They were in conflict with each other quite often. That is why these cities had their own armies to protect their merchant, their political interests and their cultural influence in the region.
Religion in Africa is multifaceted and has been a major influence on art, culture and philosophy. Today, the continent's various populations and individuals are mostly adherents of Christianity, Islam, and to a lesser extent several Traditional African religions. In Christian or Islamic communities, religious beliefs are also sometimes characterized with syncretism with the beliefs and practices of traditional religions.
Answer:
The answer is A
It increased rates of marriage between men and women.
Answer:
The answer is below
Explanation:
Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi is a renowned scholar of Islamic origin. He was born as a Persian and contributed to science immensely. Many of his works were translated and worked upon extensively in Europe. Some of his works and contributions to science generally include the following:
1. He formulated the idea of the algorithm in mathematics. This is a fundamental part of computer science.
2. His work on algebra concept is considered one of the essential parts of modern science.
3. Through his work, he had great impacts on knowledge of astronomy. By which he was able to formulate calendars, real positions of the sun, moon, and planets, construction of sundials, and many more.
