The body's nonspecific defiance against invading pathogens is known as innate immunity and includes the following:
mechanical barriers and surface secretions
1. The intact skin and mucous membranes of the body. These provide a high degree of protection against pathogens.
2. The sebaceous secretions and sweat of the skin contain bactericidal and fungicidal fatty acids that can kill bacteria and fungi.
3. Normal bacterial flora of the skin may produce various antimicrobial substances such as bacteriocines and acids.
Humoral defence mechanisms
1. Lysozyme. This is an enzyme found in most tissue fluids apart from cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and sweat. It can kill bacteria.
2. Interferon. Inhibits viruses from replicating
3. Complement. This is a heat labile serum that can destroy gram-negative bacteria.
Answer:
I believe it would be 8.292
Explanation:
<span>The nurse should ask if the patient is having any pain, and if so where the pain is located. The nurse should also ask about the patient's history, for example, does the patient have a family member that has had ulcers in the past. Continuing with patient history, the nurse should inquire about the patient's diet and also ask why the patient thinks they have an ulcer.</span>
The answer is option D "test the effect of cyanide on algae." Ecologist are researchers who study how organisms interact with their environment so in this case they are testing how algae reacts to cyanide. In another example they will be testing how a ape reacts to having a different fruit tree in their habitat. It wouldn't be option A, B, and C because you have to remember the job of a ecologist and the options are not jobs of one.
Hope this helps.
Answer:
they are of the same genus but not of the same species and therefore they cannot mate to give rise to fertile off springs only organisms from the same species are able to give rise to fertile offsprings
