A- growing polypeptide B- Lone amino acid
C- tRNA D- Anticodon
E- mRNA F- Small ribosomal subunit
G- codon H- Large ribosomal subunit
Explanation:
Methionine (start codon) , leucine, methionine, arginine, aspartic acid, glycine, glycine, leucine, histidine, stop codon
Three types of RNA that takes part in the translation are:
mRNA: It is formed by the process of transcription. The DNA strand is copied as mRNA with help of RNA Polymerase. The mRNA strand is single- stranded and consists of codons which code for amino acids for the protein synthesis. Not full sequence of mRNA codes for amino acid chain there are non-coding regions called introns which are removed during splicing and only exons code for the amino acid sequences.
tRNA: It brings the correct amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain by reading the codons from the mRNA. It has anticodon which helps in bringing the correct amino acid coding to mRNA sequence.
rRNA: rRna plus protein and ribosome makes up rRNA. The ribosomes are called protein factory, because growing polypeptide chain is formed here. They are responsible for reading the correct amino acid bonding to form polypeptide. They are having two subunits smaller and bigger depending on their sedimentation rate by centrifugation.
In eukaryote,s protein synthesis occurs in the ribosomes which are present in the cytoplasm of the cell.
B. All the three nucleotides that code for amino acid are important because any base difference in amino acid will change the protein formed due to amino acid difference.
