The pharyngeal arches are the structures which are precursors of embryonic development in the vertebrates. In the fishes, gill arches or branchial arches mimicking the phyrangeal arches . Among the option given, the barb fish is the relevant option for the first blank.
This type of tail development is the characteristic property of the chordates. Among the options given, the newts is the relevant one as these are chordates.
During prophase, the nuclear envelope and nucleolus are dissolved and the chromosomes condense. The centrioles and spindle fibers begin to form at opposite poles of the cell.
