A limit of spending of the government,
Answer:
A. Cost of funds has changed
B. Firm's risk has changed
Explanation:
The required rate of return on bonds refers to an investor's expected rate of return which is based upon rate of return other investors earn in the market on similarly priced bonds. This is also referred to as yield to maturity i.e YTM.
Coupon rate of payment of bond is the interest payment on such bonds which is usually fixed at the time of issue of such bonds.
Required rate of return may differ on account of change in cost of funds to the issuer which is cost of debt denoted as 
. Cost of debt is determined by tax rate and net proceeds from the issue of such bonds.
Required rate of return may also change on account of change in the firm's risk. If the firm assumes more risk, such risk would deter investors from investing in such bonds and in such scenario, the firm has to offer higher coupon rate than the rate prevailing in the market to attract the investors.
Answer:
C. Sandel meant that utilitarianism aims to level all values to equal standing so that they can be quantified and measured
Explanation:
The common currency is the currency that are shared by the different countries
Utilitarianism refers to a theory in which the goods things are to be rise and the bad things would be decline also it shows the outcome of an action that generated right and wrong concept
Therefore it provides a measure that should be common depend upon the values
Hence, the option c is correct
The searching companies can work for equity or debt loans in order to raise money on global capital markets. The debt of a foreign institution, lender, and other debt suppliers is also an option to raise money in the capital market. As equity loans include the sale of equity to investors, the issue of bonds is part of debt loans. Capital costs are usually less than in the domestic market and the company can even borrow money from the bank. And enterprises need to be very careful to take into account the risk of adverse exchange rates because, if the peso is to be depreciated, they should be aware of the cost of acquiring the currency needed to repay a foreign exchange loan.
Moreover, foreign equity, floating foreign or Eurobonds offerings, or borrowing on the Euro currency markets may be considered by the Mexican firm. The euro currency market would then certainly provide the company with additional funding at a lower rate domestically. And if the peso decreases in the next 2 years, the company has to repay the credit in a different currency unless the company can use the future market. The value of euro currency loans would definitely be reduced.
We can recognize that the use of both foreign and euro bonds has the same disadvantages as the bonds have to be repaid in an anti-peso currency. The international bond market has important points that are worth considering, given the fewer regulations, disclosure requirements, and fiscal implications if the currency risk can be properly analyzed and minimized. Since the foreign equity market requires no payment to its stockholders and also has the greatest independence from its actions, it is perhaps the most attractive for the company. So, if the hesitations are to be overcome, investors will likely have loan strong growth prospects.
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Answer: reciprocity
Explanation: In simple words, reciprocity refers to the agreement in which two parties exchange goods or services in such a way that both of them will gain benefit from such agreement.
In business it can achieved in many ways, for example by combining the efforts and resources or by providing each other some service in exchange for service from the other side.
In the given case, Jason made a deal with dodge to provide service to him in exchange for service by him. Hence we can conclude that the given case depicts reciprocity.
