Answer:
The answers to the problems are given in the bold font statements below
Explanation:
The instructions for a computer program are sometimes referred to as program code. Computer programmers focus on <u>programming</u> computer programs, but they also plan, test and document computer programs. In contrast, software programmers apply formalized techniques to reduce the cost and complexity of software while increasing reliability. Before a program can be written, a programmer needs a clear problem <u>statement,</u> which includes a list of assumptions, a description of known information, and a specification for what constitutes a solution. Programming projects can be approached using a(n) <u>predictive</u> methodology, which requires extensive planning and documentation up front. An alternative approach is to use the <u>agile</u> methodology in which programs are developed in iterations called <u>sprints</u>. With a clear plan, a programmer can begin composing using a text editor, program editor, or <u>visual</u> development environment. Programs are composed of a series of statements that include a(n) <u>command words</u> such as input or print and parameters. Those parameters may include <u>variables</u> that represent values that can change, or <u>constants</u> that that represents unchanging values. All computer programs should include internal documentation in the form of <u>remarks</u> which are explanatory comments inserted into a computer program following language-specific symbols, such as # or keywords such as REM. A program is not complete until it has been tested to ensure that it contains no <u>syntax</u> errors, logic errors, or run time errors. Programmers can use <u>formal </u>methods based on rigorous logical and mathematical methods to reduce the number of defects in a software product. Additional techniques for producing high-quality, secure programs include threat modeling and <u>defensive</u> programming.