Cancers develop usually by damage to the DNA or by genetic predisposition. With concern to the pathophysiology of cancers or malignancies by genetic predisposition; the two hit hypothesis explains how inherited traits lead to cancer development. The first hit is the inherited susceptibility gene wherein alone, will not cause cancer development. The second hit is usually caused by DNA damage brought about environmental factors (i.e. carcinogens). When the two hits are present, there will be cancer development. This hypothesis usually apply to the mutations in tumor suppressor genes rather than oncogenes (genes that promotes cancer development when activated).
The correct answer is C, tendons. They are in between the bends/gaps in our bones. I hope I helped :)
Answer:
The answer is (d) (iv) and (v).
Explanation:
Soil bacterium Bacillus thruingiensis (Bt) produces proteins that kill certain insects like lepidopterans (tobacco dudworm, armyworm), coleopterans (beetles) and dipterans (flies, mosquitoes). Bacillus thuringinesis forms some intracellular protein crystals. These crystals contain a toxic insecticidal protein. The Bt toxin protein exists as an inactive toxin and is converted into an active form due to the alkaline pH of the alimentary canal that solubilities the crystals. The activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and creates pores which cause cell swelling and lysis and finally cause the death of the insect.
So, the correct answer is '(iv) and (v)'.
Answer:
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
Explanation:
Active transport mechanisms require the use of the cell's energy, usually in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Answer:
troposphere - Responsible for earth's weather
exosphere - Air mergers into space
ionosphere - Used to send radio signals
stratosphere - Characterized by strong, steady winds
ozone layer - Protects earth from UV radiation
mesosphere - coldest layer
Explanation: