<em>Jim Crow laws.</em>
Explanation:
After the Civil War, segregation in the South was still very prevalent. Jim Crow laws were all over the South and were made to keep African-Americans and white people separate. Some of these laws included things like separate schooling for white and black children, different prisons, separate ticket booths, etc.
Black codes were also a very common thing in the South. These were much more harsher than Jim Crow laws and made it very hard for African-Americans to do anything in everyday life. Many would get arrested for no real reason. Voting laws were also very common as well, so many African-Americans could not vote.
Years and years of protesting these unequal doings, Jim Crow laws, along with other segregative laws and measures, became illegal.
Dom Pedro declared independence, and became emperor.
Answer:
The correct answer is France.
Explanation:
With the excuse of sending reinforcement troops to the French Army occupying Portugal, Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1840) invaded Spain in <em>February 1808</em>. Only four months after the initial invasion, France forces had already taken Pamplona, Barcelona, and Madrid causing King Charles IV of Spain to give up his throne. Napoleon took advantage and his brother, Joseph, was proclaimed king of Spain. Until 1813, thanks to the intervention of British expeditionary <em>Arthur Wellesley</em> (later named Duke of Wellington) and small irregular Spanish bands called the <em>guerrillas</em>, the Iberian Peninsula was liberated.
As a result of the french invasion in the Iberian Peninsula, french philosophical movements such as en Enlightenment was spread over Spain, and later on, over its colonies.
