By giving the reader a wider and broader sense of recognition of such object, person, emotion, you name it. for example: the dog walked past me towards its owner. or The beautiful brown labrador flounced past me towards its loving owner.
It gives you more detailed information making the reading material more interesting, keeping the reader's attention. It contributes to the mood depending on what you say and how you say it. for example: The solemn gray skies. The gorgeous sparkling lights.
The main theme of "The Road Not Taken" is that life is full of choices which will define our destinies. The speaker spends a while deliberating when he comes to a fork in the road, which symbolizes a choice he must make in his life.