Cell wall
<span>The rigid bacterial cell wall protects them from osmotic lysis or rupture when they are placed in hypotonic solutions (solutes concentration outside the cell is less than inside the cells). The cell wall is a rigid limit to the swelling cytoplasm. Therefore, if the concentration of the solutes in the surrounding of the bacteria the same as its cytoplasm, in this regard the cell wall wouldn’t be necessary.</span>
Answer: The bonds that hold atoms together to form molecules are called covalent bonds. They are pretty tough and not easily made or broken apart. It takes energy to make the bonds and energy is released when the bonds are broken.
Answer is (4), (2)
Explanation: did research
hope this helped if not so sorry
Answer:
Involuntary respiration is controlled by the respiratory centers of the upper brainstem (sometimes termed the lower brain, along with the cerebellum). This region of the brain controls many involuntary and metabolic functions besides the respiratory system, including certain aspects of cardiovascular function and involuntary muscle movements (in the cerebellum).
Explanation:
The respiratory centers contain chemoreceptors that detect pH levels in the blood and send signals to the respiratory centers of the brain to adjust the ventilation rate to change acidity by increasing or decreasing the removal of carbon dioxide (since carbon dioxide is linked to higher levels of hydrogen ions in blood).
