Hormones glucagon and insulin are produced in the alpha and beta cells respectively in the Islet of Langerhan in the pancreas. They are involved in the negative feedback system of blood glucose regulation in homeostasis.
GLUCAGON: when there is a low blood glucose concentration, the pancreas detect this and alpha cells produce and release glucagon. Glucagon causes the cells of the body to absorb less glucose from the blood. It also inhibits the process of converting glucose into glycogen (glycogenesis) and cause gluconeogenesis (process of converting amino acids/proteins and lipids/fats into glucose) and glycogenolysis (conversion of glycogen to glucose). Finally, glucagon decreases the rate of respiration so less glucose is required.
INSULIN: when blood glucose is high, insulin is released. Insulin binds with cell surface receptors of cells and activates the enzymes attached to the receptor. The enzymes cause a conformational change in the structural proteins that surround glucose transport protein containing vesicles, causing them to move out of the way so the vesicles migrate up to the cell membrane and glucose transport proteins can fuse with it. Thus, more glucose can be taken in by cells. Insulin also cause glycogenesis (converting glucose into glycogen) and inhibits gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.
Basically insulin decreases blood glucose concentration (eg. after eating) and glucagon increases it (eg. skipping breakfast in the morning)
The virus needs to speak the molecular language of cells. This is how he manages to dominate and enslave them so that they become factories for new viruses, producing the proteins that the infectious agent requires to assemble its descendants. If this conversation is not fine-tuned, even if the virus has the key and enters, it is doomed to failure.
<h3>Why does a virus lethal to us not infect animals?</h3>
For a virus to be able to enter a cell, it must have the right key. And this key, which are the proteins on the surface of viruses, has to enter the correct lock, the receptors that are on the cell membrane. Cells are actually houses with many different doors and locks. Some viruses have keys that open the lock of any cell and any kind of host, and others do not, so the infection caused by viruses is specific.
With this information, we can conclude that some viruses have keys that open the lock of any cell and any kind of host, and others do not, so the infection caused by viruses is specific.
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Ans.
A monohybrid cross can be defined as 'a cross between two individuals having different copies of a chromosome or gene of interest, which is responsible for variations in a single trait.'
These variations in a single trait are controlled by two or more alleles for a single chromosomes. For example, a cross between tall pea plant and dwarf pea plant to study the inheritance of plant height.
Thus, the correct answer is 'option). they differ in a single trait.'
A nucleus cytoplasm that’s the answer
Approximately 190 would have red, terminal flowers.
<h3>What is True breeding?</h3>
Organisms with homozygous genes are referred to as true breeders in genetics. This indicates that both alleles are identical, making PP or TT preferable to Pp or Tt. All offspring produced from the union of true breeding organisms will share the same phenotypic as their parents.
<h3>What is true breeding in Punnett Square?</h3>
Both alleles of a gene are the same in genuine breeding strains. Due to the presence of just one type of allele, crossing two plants from the same strain will result in offspring with the same genotype and phenotype as their parents.
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