Writers who belonged to the literary realism movement (such as the ones listed in the question) decided that they wanted to depict life and society as it was in their books. They had a particular interest in the lives of marginalized peoples in the overcrowded cities of the era (the 19th century marked the start of the transition from rural, agricultural-based societies to urban, industry-based societes in Europe).
Answer: Christine de Pizan argues for the fact that some men don't want women to be educated, and that the opinions of men should be based off of reason.
