Answer:
12.39%
Explanation:
in order to determine the realized rate of return we need to calculate the yield to call:
YTC formula = {coupon + [(call price - market price)/n]} / [(call price + market price)/2]
YTC = {$120 + [($1,080 - $1,000)/9]} / [($1,080 + $1,000)/2]
YTC = $128.89 / $1,040 = 0.1239 = 12.39%
In this case, the investor's realized rate of return was actually higher than the expected yield to maturity (YTM = 12% since bonds were sold at face value).
Answer:
The correct answer is: high; little.
Explanation:
In monopolistic competition, a firm produces at the level of output where the marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost. The firm is able to maximize its profit at this point.
However, the socially optimal level of output is where the price is equal to marginal cost. This level of output is greater than the profit-maximizing level of output and charges a lower price.
But since the firm is a price maker, it produces at the point where MR equals MC. At this point, the price is higher and the output produced is smaller. This creates a deadweight loss in the market.
Answer:
e. (b) and (c) only
Explanation:
Pollution can be defined as the physical degradation or contamination of the environment through an emission of harmful, poisonous and toxic chemical substances.
Offset trading refers to a type of trading system that is typically designed for the realization of more efficient pollution control.
Free market in tradable pollution permits simply means giving manufacturing companies and individuals the legal right to pollution of the environment. For example, XYZ company is purchasing the permit of 500 units of carbon dioxide (CO2) pollution annually, this simply means it is permitted to pollute the environment by 500 units of CO2 annually.
Additionally, a free market in tradable pollution permits has some sort of benefits as companies can resell their unused permits or devise a cheaper means of reducing pollution. It also compensate companies that significantly reduces its pollution of the environment.
The key components of a tradeable pollution permit system include;
I. The issuance of a fixed number of permits to new and existing business firms that emit pollutants.
II. A means through which permits can be exchanged among polluters such as new business firms being able to pay existing firms to reduce their emissions below a specific standard.
Answer:
letter b is correct.<em> Optimizing one's local area without full knowledge of supply chain needs. </em>
Explanation:
For supply chain management to be optimally optimized, global scope information is needed to make decision-making more secure. Information technology can be a good solution for providing relevant information that will help integrate supply chain components to help you make decisions and meet specific local area and supply chain needs.