The role of The Protestant Reformation in the history of the United States of America. Over the centuries there had been many reform efforts within the Catholic Church, The term Protestant was not initially applied to the reformers, but later was used to describe all groups protesting Roman Catholic orthodoxy.
New technologies were invented
Many people moved to the cities.
There were fewer farmers
Had the Declaration of Independence never been drafted i believe that the United States of America would still be under Britains thumb. This being said one can assume that the tax policies would be severely different as they would change with each monarch, but yes taxation without representation and over taxation would still be a problem.
I hope that answered the question the specific 'Problems' weren't outlined so i i assumed you were referring to the problem of Taxation
Pretty sure it is "gold", you know with the California Gold Rush, and 49ers and all that. :)