Example 1:
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are like factories of cells. If we consider cell as a international clothing chain of companies, then ER are the ones which plan and design the clothing, sew those up, put additional buttons etc. on them, and then ship them on time. The workers (manual and automatic) do the whole procedure.
To understand it better in terms of cellular functions, ER create biomolecules essential for cells and the body as a whole. ribosomes are the workers which do the synthesis. With the help of ribosomes, ER makes the whole process of biomolecule synthesis, modification and delivery smooth, efficient and accurate.
Example 2:
Think of ER as Uber Eats. It provides you the catalogue of delicious food available and can be sent, then forwards your request to the restaurant, then sends a delivery person to wait and collect the order, and then orders the person to delivery food to the correct address on time.
Here, ribosomes would be the restaurants making the food.
**This is a simplification of the actual function of ER but I hope you get the gist. While talking about smooth and rough ER, the examples may change.
1. Early earth had no ozone layer, which means it was most likely extremely hot.
2. Young earth had no oxygen and life needs oxygen in order to survive.
3. There where so many natural disasters happening all the time, like volcanic eruptions and constant impact with meteorites and asteroids.
-Extra one (4. Earth originally had no ocean and water. Oceans eventually formed from the water vapor released from the volcanic eruptions, but before that there was nothing.)
Answer:
The correct answer is option B. maculae/ static equilibrium.
Explanation:
Maculae are mechanoreceptors present inside the saccule and utricle specialized for the static equilibrium detecting. Maculae use hair cells to find out the movements of the otolithic membrane occurs, which is the surrounding membrane of the macula.
The sense of the position of the head to determine the stability and posture is static equilibrium and it is determined by the maculae.
Thus, the correct answer is option- B. maculae/ static equilibrium.
Answer:
Proteins are processed and modified in a successive manner to add or remove sugar as they move from cisterna to cisterna.
Explanation:
Golgi apparatus has a flat membrane disk in varies in number in stack, the number can be in between 3 to 20, however six is found in most of them. Cisternae can be separated in four classes cis, medial, trans, and TGN.
Proteins that come from the endoplasmic reticulum in cis type of cisternae after passed through cis to cis and move the protein in order to add or remove sugars to protein.
Thus, the correct answer is - Proteins are processed and modified in a successive manner to add or remove sugar as they move from cisterna to cisterna.
If multiple researches obtained the same result, it means that the test is highly repeatable ! Highly repeatable results are always very welcomes, because people believe that they have a high validity and high credibility.
So the correct answer is:
<span>a) Discoveries are more credible when they are independently verified</span>
